Configuracion de VLAN

Configuración de VLANS con Cisco

En este post mostraré cómo crear VLANs en un switch Cisco, configurar puertos de acceso y puertos de trunk y rutear las VLANs para que puedan comunicarse entre sí. El ruteo se hace con el método de router-on-stick.

Ambiente

La asignación de VLANs quedará:

• VLAN4: 192.168.4.0/24.
  • Switch0: puertos 1 al 9.
  • Switch1: puertos 1 al 9.
• VLAN5: 192.168.5.0/24.
• Switch0: puertos 9, 10, 12.
• Switch1: puertos 10 al 14.
• Switch0: fastEthernet 0/11, gigabitEthernet 1/1.
• Switch1: gigabitEthernet 1/1.
• Router0: fastEthernet 0/0.
• TRUNK

Creación de las VLAN

sw0(config)# interface vlan 4

sw0(config-if)# description Vlan4

sw0(config-if)# no shutdown

sw0(config)# interface vlan 5

sw0(config-if)# description Vlan5

sw0(config-if)# no shutdown

sw1(config)# interface vlan 4

sw1(config-if)# description Vlan4

sw1(config-if)# no shutdown

sw1(config)# interface vlan 5

sw1(config-if)# description Vlan5

sw1(config-if)# no shutdown

Asignar puertos a las VLAN

sw0(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1 - fastEthernet 0/8

sw0(config-if-range)#switchport mode access

sw0(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 4

sw0(config-if-range)#exit

sw0(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/9, fastEthernet 0/10, fastEthernet0/12

sw0(config-if-range)#switchport mode access

sw0(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 5

sw0(config-if-range)#exit

sw1(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1 - fastEthernet 0/9

sw1(config-if-range)#switchport mode access

sw1(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 4

sw1(config-if-range)#exit

sw1(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/10 - fastEthernet 0/14

sw1(config-if-range)#switchport mode access

sw1(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 5

sw1(config-if-range)#exit

Configurar los puertos de Trunk

sw0(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/11

sw0(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

sw0(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q

sw0(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 4,5

sw0(config-if)#exit

sw0(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1

sw0(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

sw0(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q

sw0(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 4,5

sw0(config-if)#exit

sw1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1

sw1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

sw0(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q

sw1(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 4,5

sw1(config-if)#exit

Ruteo entre VLANs

central(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

central(config-if)#no shutdown

central(config-if)#exit

central(config)# interface fastEthernet 0/0.4

central(config-if)# encapsulation dot1Q 4

central(config-if)# ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

exit

central(config)# interface fastEthernet 0/0.5

central(config-if)# encapsulation dot1Q 5

central(config-if)# ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0

exit

Verificación de la configuración de las VLAN

sw1#show vlan brief

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports

---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------

1    default                          active    Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18

Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22

Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig1/2

4    VLAN0004                         active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4

Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8

Fa0/9

5    VLAN0005                         active    Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13

Fa0/14

1002 fddi-default                     active

1003 token-ring-default               active

1004 fddinet-default                  active

1005 trnet-default                    active

sw1#show vlan id 4

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports

---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------

4    VLAN0004                         active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4

Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8

Fa0/9

VLAN Type  SAID       MTU   Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp  BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2

---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------

4    enet  100004     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0

sw1#show interfaces vlan 4

Vlan4 is up, line protocol is up

Hardware is CPU Interface, address is 0007.ecaa.64a6 (bia 0007.ecaa.64a6)

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000000 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00

Last input 21:40:21, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: fifo

Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

1682 packets input, 530955 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts (0 IP multicast)

0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored

563859 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 23 interface resets

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

sw1#show interfaces trunk

Port        Mode         Encapsulation Status        Native vlan

Gig1/1      on           802.1q         trunking      1

Port        Vlans allowed on trunk

Gig1/1      4-5

Port        Vlans allowed and active in management domain

Gig1/1      4,5

Port        Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned

Gig1/1      4,5